Comparison of average model scores for the baseline and RAG-enhanced configurations

Can Europe Build Truly Sovereign AI?

Whoever governs knowledge also governs Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence is rapidly becoming one of the strategic technologies that will shape science, industry, and public institutions over the coming decades. Discussions often focus on which language model performs best or which company will release the next breakthrough. Yet a more fundamental question is emerging: Who governs the knowledge on which AI systems rely? Our new paper, published in Earth Science Informatics, argues that trustworthy scientific AI cannot depend solely on increasingly capable language models. It also requires a new way of governing scientific knowledge. ...

August 6, 2026 · Daniele Bailo